What does the term "bronchiolitis" refer to?

Bronchiolitis specifically refers to the inflammation of the bronchioles, which are the small air passages in the lungs that branch off from the larger bronchi. It is most commonly seen in infants and young children, often as a viral infection, such as from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This condition can lead to obstruction of airflow due to swelling, mucus production, and cellular debris, making it distinct from other respiratory conditions.

Understanding that bronchiolitis is about inflammation within these smaller airways is crucial, especially in distinguishing it from other respiratory conditions such as bronchitis or pneumonia, which involve larger airways or lung tissue, respectively. Knowing the precise definition helps in accurate diagnosis and treatment approaches for patients presenting with respiratory symptoms.